Method of incinerating



Sept. 13 1932. c. c PARKER METHOD OF INCINERATING Filed Aug. 15, 1929 A 7r0kA/5 4 Patented Sept. 13, 1932 PATENT? OFFICE l I CARLTON PARKER, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK warrior) or mcmsaa'rme Application filed August 15, 1929. Serial No. 886,104.

This invention relates to improvementsin incinerators, and particularly to means for I supplying auxiliary air to support combustion of the material to be burned in the incinerators and in the methods of incinerating wet materials.

The objects of this invention are to provide an incinerator with a vent which operates automatically to 0 en when the collected material is being urned, and to close at other times; also to provide a vent which is opened by suction created by draft resulting from combustion to supply auxiliary air to the incinerator during combustion, and which is closed by gravity when the material in the incinerator is drying; also to provide an im proved method of incinerating wet materials; also to improve incinerators and processes of incinerating in other respects hereinafter specified.

In the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is a transverse sectional elevation of an incinerator embodying this invention,

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the incinerator, a

. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view, on an enlarged scale, of the vent.

The incinerator may be of any suitable or desired construction, that shown including l walls A at the lower portions of which a grate B is supported. The walls preferably terminate in a wall or top C, having extending upwardly therefrom a flue or Smokestack D in communication with the combustion chamber of the incinerator to carry off the smoke and gases. E represents the usual ash pit door and F the clean-out door which opens into the lower part of the combustion cham-- her just above the grate. The ash-pit and clean-out doors are provided with the usual openings, e and f for the purpose of permitting the desired amount of air to pass through the garbage or material collected in the incinerator for drying the same, and also 7 to support combustion when the material is being burned.

The air passages in the ash pit and cleanout doors are so arranged that any air entering through the passages will pass through or intocontact with the material to be burned,

so that all of the air passing through these passages is eifectivein evaporating moisture from the material before passing to the discharge flue.

Since the incinerator may be charged with 5 material considerably above the level of the upper end of the clean-out opening closed by the door F, these openings in the two doors may not supply sufiicient air for the complete combustion of the material in the incinerator. I have found that very much better burning of the material-results when additional air is supplied to the incinerator during the combustion of the material, and also that the supply of such additional air should be interrupted when the material is not burning, sinceadditionalair admitted above the material interferes with the drying thereof.

In the particular embodiment of my invention, which is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, one or more ventilating passages or openings are provided in the Walls A of the incinerator, and preferably these openings are so arranged that the air entering the same will passabove the material collected in theincinerator through the maximum distance, in other words, if the flue or smokestack is arranged at one end of the incinerator as shown the vent openings are preferably provided in the opposite end wall; if the so Smokestack is over the center portion of the incinerator the vent openings may be arranlged in any desired wall or any number of wa s.

The vent openings may be formed in any suitable or desired manner, for example, by means of a short tube or pipe 5, which is preferably rectangular in cross section and which is built into a wall of the incinerator.

The inner or dischargeend of the tube may be protected bya grid or screen 6 to prevent any of the material to be burned'from lodgtively thin sheet of metal 7 which is prefer- Y ably light in weight, for example made of aluminum, and which has its upper end 8 hinged or pivoted on a transverse rod or hinge pin 9 which extends across the vent f passage near the upper end thereof, the upper end 8 of the valve being bent over in the construction shown to engage the rod When a tubular vent passage 5 of metal is employed, the pin can be readily secured in the correct position near the top of the passage. The vent valve 7 is preferably of a height slightly greater than the height of the vent passage, so that when the valve 7 is closed, as shown in broken lines in Fig. 3, it

will occupy an inclined position. When draft is created in the chimney or flue B, this valve opens, the extent of the opening depending upon the force of the draft. The weight of the vent valve 7 should be such that a very light draft will not cause the valve to open, and for this purpose the lower edge of the vent valve may be formed by 'ben mg back I some of the metal as indicated at 10, thus face of the material, andthe producing additional weight at thebottom of the valve which tends to close it or hold it closedcwhen the draft is only slight.

My improved process of incinerating material will be readily understood by referrlng to the drawing. As wet material is discharged into the incinerator and piled upon orate moisture from the material, and during the evaporation the draft in the chimney is so sli t that the valve or valves 7 remain closed so' that no air currents will pass through-the vent opening 5. It will be obvious that if the vent openings 5 were not closed by the valves 7, there would be a continuous flow of air through these auxiliary vent openings which would seriously interfere with the drying of the material, since such currents of air would not come in contact with the material and would reduce the amount of air entering through the ash pit and cleaneout door-openings. Also -when the fire is started, the vent valve will remain closed until combustion has advanced sufiiciently to create enough draft to open the:

valve. This aids combustion since it'pre vents auxiliary air entering the incinerator during the initial stages of combustion when the auxiliary air is not needed and when it would reduce the draft caused by a small amount of combustion. As soon-as the draft is increased sufiiciently to open the vent valve, auxiliary air enters above the material and admission of auxilia combustion ceases in supplies sufiicient air to the upper part of the flame to aid in completing combustion and reducing the amount of smoke and odor. This additional air also prevents the smokestack from becoming over-heated by causing combustion to be completed in the incinerator rather than in the smokestack. This in turn causes the heat to increase in the incinerator, thus further aiding the drying of the material in the incinerator.

After the main combustion is completed, the draft will be reduced to such an extent that the vent valve will close. -This causes the smoldering of the partly dried material to continue for a much longer period of time by forcing all of the air supplied to the chimney to pass through the ash pit and cleanout doors. This effects a more complete combustion of the dried and partly dried ma terial and increases-the rial remainingin the incinerator. The: :'clos-' ing of the auxiliary ventimmediately upon completion of the main combustional'so prevents air from passing through thevent passageand thuscooling-the walls of the indrying of wet matecinerator, and consequently the closin ofthe vent passage conserves this heat for Hither drying of remaining wet material.

claim:

1. A method of drying and incinerating wet material, which includes evaporating moisture from the material by passing currents of air through and in contact with the material, burning the dry material and producing a draft by the burning, admitting auxiliary air above the material by the action of thedraft to complete combustion, and interrupting the supply of auxiliary air when the draft is reduced, thereby continuing the drying of remaining material with the aid of heat conserved by intercepting the auxiliary air supply.

2. A method ofdrying and incinerating wet material in an incinerator which includes passing currents of air. through and into, contact with the material in the incinerator to first evaporate moisture of the material and then to support combustion when the material is ignited admitting auxiliary air to the incinerator above the material'therein.

during combustion of the material, the auxiliaryair being admitted by the action of the increased draft resulting from rapid main combustion of the material, interrupting the air when the main produced by combustion in said incinerator heat remaining in the incinerator, and again causing all air flow caused by draft'to pass through and in contact with the material.

order to confine the heat T no i - and further dry unburned material by the 3. A method of drying incinerating-.5.

wet material in an incinerator, which ,i-neludes pasing currents of airthroughand into contact with the materialin the incinerator to first evaporate moisture from the material and then to support combustion when the material is ignited, admitting auxiliary air to the incinerator above the material during combustion of the material by the action of the increased draft resulting fromthe main combustion of thematerial, to effect more complete combustion in the incinerator, interrupting the admission of auxiliary air when the main combustion ceases in order to conserve heat in said incinerator, for the further 7 of the remaining material by the heat sto in the incinerator.

CECIL CARLTON PARKER. 

